Key characteristics of the Azerbaijani language
35 Million Speakers | Official in Azerbaijan | 32 Latin Letters | 14th Century Origins
3 Writing Systems | 2 Major Dialects | Turkic-Persian Synthesis
Turkic Language Family
Belongs to the Oghuz branch of Turkic languages, most closely related to Turkish and Turkmen, with high mutual intelligibility with Turkish.
Script Transitions
Historically written in Arabic script, then Latin (1929-1939), Soviet Cyrillic (1939-1991), and now uses a modified Latin alphabet since independence.
Vowel Harmony
Features vowel harmony where suffixes change form to match vowels in the word stem, though with more exceptions than Turkish due to Persian influence.
Persian Influence
Contains significant Persian vocabulary and some grammatical features, especially in literature and formal contexts, creating a unique Turkic-Iranian blend.
North-South Dialectal Division
Encompasses two major dialect groups: North Azerbaijani (spoken in the Republic of Azerbaijan) and South Azerbaijani (spoken primarily in Iran).
Agglutinative Morphology
Forms complex words through an extensive suffix system that follows a fixed order, allowing the creation of highly specific meanings with single words.
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