Key characteristics of the Uzbek language
34 Million Speakers | Official in Uzbekistan | 29 Latin Letters | 15th Century Origins
2 Writing Systems | 5 Major Dialects | Turkic-Persian Influence
Turkic Language Family
Belongs to the Karluk branch of Turkic languages, closely related to Uyghur and more distantly to Turkish, Kazakh, and Kyrgyz.
Vowel Harmony
Exhibits partial vowel harmony where suffixes can change form depending on whether the root word contains front or back vowels.
Script Transition
Historically written in Arabic script, then Cyrillic during Soviet era, and now officially uses Latin alphabet since 1992 independence.
Persian Influence
Contains significant Persian/Tajik vocabulary, especially in literature, arts, and formal settings, reflecting centuries of cultural exchange.
Regional Dialectal Diversity
Features distinctive regional varieties including Tashkent, Ferghana, Khorezm, Bukhara-Samarkand, and Southern dialects with varying pronunciation and vocabulary.
Agglutinative Morphology
Forms complex words by adding numerous suffixes to stems in a fixed order, creating precise grammatical relationships with minimal irregularities.
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